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Science

Ch - Microorganisms : Friends or Foes

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A. Fill in the Blanks.

Q. 1. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Microbiology.

Q. 2. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Carbon dioxide.

Q. 3. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Pathogens.

Q. 4. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Sodium benzoate, Sodium metabisulphite.

Q. 5. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Aspergillus.


B. Match the following.

1. Ringworm ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ fungus

2. Clostridium ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ cattle

3. Anthrax  ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ food poisining

4. Lactobacillus ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ curd

5. Methane ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ biogas reactor


C. Tick the Correct Option.

Q.1. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Pasteurisation.

Q. 2. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- fungus.

Q. 3. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- vaccines.

Q. 4. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- virus.

Q. 5. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- dengue.


D. Answer the following questions in brief.

Q. 1. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Viruses when live in non-living things, they remains non-living but when they enter in living organisms, they starts reproduction and act like living so, it is called 'borderline' betweene living living and no-living things.

Q. 2. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Fermentation is a type of starter process that takes place in tanicatular organisms, in the process of food becomes soft and fluffy and increase in volume. It is used to make Idli, Dhokla, Jalebi. It is also used to make beverage by formation of some food materials.

Q. 3. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- If microorganisms will not present, the decomposition of dead body will not take place. As a result, they will be accumulated forming heap.

Q. 4. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

i) (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Nitrogen.

ii) (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- In the root nodules of pea plant, Rhizobium Bacteria is present that trap atmospheric nitrogen turn it into nitrogen compound and fines in the soil. In this way they can help in replenishing the soil.

Q. 5. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Curd is made by lactobacillus bacteria and bacteria can grow very fast in summer. So, in very little time curd is prepared.

Q. 6. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

a) Malaria :- Animal Bite(Mosquito Bite)
b) Common Cold :- Air
c) Tetanus :- Soil
d) Typhoid :- Water

Q. 7. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Antibiotics are medicines made with the probiotics present in some microorganisms that kills or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
Antibiotics are made by some bacteria and fungi. eg :- penicillin, streptomycin, etc.


E. Answer the following questions.

Q. 1. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Microorganisms are useful for making some food, and some microorganism perform anaerobic process, respiration causing the food material light and increase in volume. So we use this process to make some food like Idli, Dhokla, Jalebi, Dosas, etc.

Q. 2. Give reasons for the following.

a. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Yeast is added to make 'dosas' light and soft.

b. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Because if food will remains in our mouth microorganism will grow and in resuly, our teeth will be damaged.

c. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Because Solution of salt inhibit the growth of microorganism. So reducing the amount support microorganism to grow. So pickle go bad.

d. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Puffed or enlarged cans can help the microorganisms to grow that make the food not fit for us. So, it should not be consumed.

e. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Because this will change the temperature which is suitable for growth of microorganisms as a result food will spoil.

Q. 3. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- 
a) Tuberculosis :- Spread by Contiminated water and food, can be prevented by :-

i) Do not use the things used by the infected person.
ii) Keep hanky or close your mouth while coughing or sneezing.

b) Athlete's foot :- Spread from air and can be prevented by :-

i) Keep your hands and feet dry to prevent growth of fungi.

c) Cholera :- Spread by physical touch and can be prevented by :-

i) Use boiled water.
ii) Do not use the things used by infected person.

Q. 4. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- 
i) Plants :- Pathogen virus cause Tobacco Mosaic Virus.
ii) Animals :- Pathogen bacteria cause Anthrex.

Q. 5. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Reason is growth of micro-orgainsm. It is called food poising. It can be prevented by using boiled water, eating fresh nutrition, liquid food and taking medicine if the condition is severe.

Q. 6. Which disease the following children most likely to suffer from?

a. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Child may be suffer from typhoid.

b. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Skin diseases.

c. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Rabies.

d. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Malaria.

e. (For Questions, See your book or download this Chapter PDF by Clicking here)

Ans :- Common-cold, Influenza, Tuberculosis.


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